WEBVTT X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=LOCAL:00:00:00.000,MPEGTS:0 00:00.000 --> 00:02.395 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 00:02.395 --> 00:06.820 align:middle line:90% 00:06.820 --> 00:10.160 align:middle line:84% So right now, we're going to show you guys basically 00:10.160 --> 00:14.225 align:middle line:84% how not to kill your plants, or how to maintain your plants. 00:14.225 --> 00:16.490 align:middle line:84% I know what a lot of you guys are thinking, 00:16.490 --> 00:18.590 align:middle line:90% oh, I don't have green thumbs. 00:18.590 --> 00:22.590 align:middle line:84% But you do because you got to realize this plant has 00:22.590 --> 00:24.930 align:middle line:90% everything in common with you. 00:24.930 --> 00:26.220 align:middle line:90% We're plants. 00:26.220 --> 00:28.560 align:middle line:84% And I'm going to show you how to maintain this plant, 00:28.560 --> 00:31.890 align:middle line:84% and that's probably going to show you how to maintain 00:31.890 --> 00:34.650 align:middle line:90% yourself a lot better too. 00:34.650 --> 00:36.985 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 00:36.985 --> 00:41.190 align:middle line:90% 00:41.190 --> 00:43.060 align:middle line:84% Second only to water, you're going 00:43.060 --> 00:45.600 align:middle line:84% to need to know what your climate is. 00:45.600 --> 00:47.820 align:middle line:90% What climate do you live in? 00:47.820 --> 00:50.310 align:middle line:84% That's going to be really important to know 00:50.310 --> 00:53.220 align:middle line:84% because that's going to determine how long you can grow 00:53.220 --> 00:55.900 align:middle line:90% and basically what you can grow. 00:55.900 --> 00:58.120 align:middle line:84% And climate zone maps are a great way 00:58.120 --> 01:01.540 align:middle line:84% to understand what plants do best where you live. 01:01.540 --> 01:03.580 align:middle line:84% For example, here are two maps that 01:03.580 --> 01:05.680 align:middle line:84% break down the US into different zones 01:05.680 --> 01:08.540 align:middle line:84% depending on environmental factors. 01:08.540 --> 01:12.320 align:middle line:84% The first is the USDA hardiness zone map. 01:12.320 --> 01:15.220 align:middle line:84% This one tells you the average minimum temperature 01:15.220 --> 01:16.450 align:middle line:90% in the winter. 01:16.450 --> 01:19.270 align:middle line:84% The other is the AHS heat zone map, 01:19.270 --> 01:22.510 align:middle line:84% which tells you the average maximum temperature 01:22.510 --> 01:23.530 align:middle line:90% in the summer. 01:23.530 --> 01:25.090 align:middle line:84% Check out your workbook for links 01:25.090 --> 01:27.400 align:middle line:84% to determine your climate zone, no matter where 01:27.400 --> 01:29.150 align:middle line:90% you live in the world. 01:29.150 --> 01:33.610 align:middle line:84% Like, here in LA, we can grow damn near anything 01:33.610 --> 01:34.750 align:middle line:90% all the time. 01:34.750 --> 01:39.970 align:middle line:84% But if you're in Washington DC, you don't have that luxury, 01:39.970 --> 01:42.670 align:middle line:84% you know, because you have to deal with frost. 01:42.670 --> 01:48.380 align:middle line:84% So frost matters because if you put your seed in the ground 01:48.380 --> 01:52.203 align:middle line:84% and the soil freezes over, your plants are not going to sprout. 01:52.203 --> 01:53.620 align:middle line:84% So what you want to do is you want 01:53.620 --> 01:57.490 align:middle line:84% to plant your spring vegetables after the last frost. 01:57.490 --> 02:00.140 align:middle line:84% But you got to remember with your fall vegetables, 02:00.140 --> 02:04.840 align:middle line:84% you want to harvest them before the first frost. 02:04.840 --> 02:07.450 align:middle line:84% For example, let's say you live in Denver, Colorado, 02:07.450 --> 02:09.670 align:middle line:84% and you want to grow some carrots. 02:09.670 --> 02:11.170 align:middle line:84% In your workbook, you'll find a link 02:11.170 --> 02:13.810 align:middle line:84% that will tell you that Denver's average last frost 02:13.810 --> 02:18.220 align:middle line:84% date is May 4 and the average first frost date is October 02:18.220 --> 02:19.420 align:middle line:90% the 5th. 02:19.420 --> 02:21.910 align:middle line:84% Now, carrots take about three months 02:21.910 --> 02:24.050 align:middle line:90% to grow from seed to maturity. 02:24.050 --> 02:26.110 align:middle line:84% This means that if you live in Denver, 02:26.110 --> 02:29.560 align:middle line:84% you don't want to plant carrot seeds before mid-May, 02:29.560 --> 02:31.820 align:middle line:84% and you don't want to plant them after mid-July. 02:31.820 --> 02:34.750 align:middle line:90% 02:34.750 --> 02:37.180 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 02:37.180 --> 02:40.582 align:middle line:90% 02:40.582 --> 02:43.170 align:middle line:84% So in your climate zone, there's going 02:43.170 --> 02:47.550 align:middle line:90% to be different microclimates. 02:47.550 --> 02:51.115 align:middle line:84% And your climate is based on your city, 02:51.115 --> 02:55.090 align:middle line:84% for one, then your neighborhood, for one, and then 02:55.090 --> 02:57.820 align:middle line:84% your community, for one, and then your block, for one, 02:57.820 --> 02:59.200 align:middle line:90% and then your-- 02:59.200 --> 03:00.250 align:middle line:90% your home. 03:00.250 --> 03:02.470 align:middle line:84% You can create a microclimate in your home. 03:02.470 --> 03:06.400 align:middle line:84% So basically, what's going to affect your microclimate 03:06.400 --> 03:12.070 align:middle line:84% is where the shadows fall, how high your foliage is 03:12.070 --> 03:14.740 align:middle line:90% and your treetops. 03:14.740 --> 03:16.900 align:middle line:84% If your garden or wherever you're 03:16.900 --> 03:21.550 align:middle line:84% planting, if you have a balcony, is it facing the sun rising, 03:21.550 --> 03:24.010 align:middle line:90% or is it facing a sunset? 03:24.010 --> 03:27.160 align:middle line:84% How many hours of sun does it get? 03:27.160 --> 03:31.120 align:middle line:84% All of this is going to affect your microclimate. 03:31.120 --> 03:34.900 align:middle line:84% For example, let's say you live in a house with a backyard, 03:34.900 --> 03:36.400 align:middle line:84% and you look at your phone's weather 03:36.400 --> 03:39.540 align:middle line:84% app, which says it's 80 degrees and sunny outside. 03:39.540 --> 03:42.580 align:middle line:84% It's not going to account for one of your neighbors' houses 03:42.580 --> 03:45.730 align:middle line:84% casting shade onto your yard six hours a day 03:45.730 --> 03:49.610 align:middle line:84% or your other neighbor's tree doing the same thing. 03:49.610 --> 03:51.880 align:middle line:84% So just because your location says one thing, 03:51.880 --> 03:54.520 align:middle line:84% the microclimate in your personal yard 03:54.520 --> 03:55.900 align:middle line:90% might be different. 03:55.900 --> 03:57.640 align:middle line:84% And your plants might not be getting 03:57.640 --> 04:02.140 align:middle line:84% the eight hours of sunlight each day that most need to thrive. 04:02.140 --> 04:04.420 align:middle line:84% So there's a lot of you guys out there 04:04.420 --> 04:07.300 align:middle line:84% that say you have black thumbs, that you 04:07.300 --> 04:11.770 align:middle line:84% don't have green thumbs, and a lot of that isn't you. 04:11.770 --> 04:15.240 align:middle line:84% It might be where you decided to put your-- 04:15.240 --> 04:17.290 align:middle line:84% your garden or where you're growing 04:17.290 --> 04:18.519 align:middle line:90% whatever you're growing. 04:18.519 --> 04:20.140 align:middle line:84% Because you've got to realize that 04:20.140 --> 04:22.450 align:middle line:84% even though it's sunny outside, that 04:22.450 --> 04:24.370 align:middle line:90% don't mean you get enough sun. 04:24.370 --> 04:27.430 align:middle line:84% So the thing about microclimates that you guys really 04:27.430 --> 04:30.790 align:middle line:84% should know is you can create one because the plants 04:30.790 --> 04:34.510 align:middle line:84% that you grow can determine what kind of climate 04:34.510 --> 04:35.440 align:middle line:90% you're going to have. 04:35.440 --> 04:37.460 align:middle line:90% We have a lot of tropicals here. 04:37.460 --> 04:41.060 align:middle line:84% So what a lot of these trees do, they create a canopy, 04:41.060 --> 04:45.250 align:middle line:84% and that makes it cooler than all the other climates 04:45.250 --> 04:46.417 align:middle line:90% around you. 04:46.417 --> 04:47.750 align:middle line:90% And that's what we've done here. 04:47.750 --> 04:51.100 align:middle line:84% It's-- we've created a whole different climate than 04:51.100 --> 04:53.632 align:middle line:90% what's outside of this place. 04:53.632 --> 04:56.062 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 04:56.062 --> 04:59.960 align:middle line:90% 04:59.960 --> 05:02.660 align:middle line:84% The reason why we prune and we deadhead 05:02.660 --> 05:06.340 align:middle line:84% is to reinvigorate the plant because it 05:06.340 --> 05:08.210 align:middle line:90% re-energizes the plant. 05:08.210 --> 05:09.830 align:middle line:90% It gives it more life. 05:09.830 --> 05:11.690 align:middle line:84% Like this plant right here, what I 05:11.690 --> 05:16.070 align:middle line:84% would do is all of these branches, first of all, 05:16.070 --> 05:18.350 align:middle line:84% they're taking up space and they're taking up energy. 05:18.350 --> 05:22.020 align:middle line:84% And a lot of times a branch might be broken, 05:22.020 --> 05:23.630 align:middle line:90% so the plant wants to fix it. 05:23.630 --> 05:26.510 align:middle line:84% The same thing with us, when we have a wound, 05:26.510 --> 05:29.597 align:middle line:84% how energy goes to that wound and it's warmer there 05:29.597 --> 05:31.430 align:middle line:84% and it's trying to repair it, the same thing 05:31.430 --> 05:33.770 align:middle line:90% happens to plants. 05:33.770 --> 05:35.780 align:middle line:84% So what you would do with this first, 05:35.780 --> 05:38.920 align:middle line:84% I would clean up all of this, the dry things. 05:38.920 --> 05:43.650 align:middle line:84% And the-- and with this, this is a resource. 05:43.650 --> 05:45.380 align:middle line:90% It's not trash. 05:45.380 --> 05:49.010 align:middle line:84% You want to put it in your compost pile, 05:49.010 --> 05:52.790 align:middle line:84% unless it's diseased, unless it has 05:52.790 --> 05:57.010 align:middle line:90% different kinds of bugs on it. 05:57.010 --> 06:00.540 align:middle line:84% And you want to get deep as you can with it. 06:00.540 --> 06:03.840 align:middle line:90% The other thing is that this-- 06:03.840 --> 06:07.010 align:middle line:84% this just makes it look more pretty. 06:07.010 --> 06:09.350 align:middle line:84% And a lot of people call this fine-- 06:09.350 --> 06:13.860 align:middle line:84% fine gardening, where, you know, you 06:13.860 --> 06:16.730 align:middle line:84% don't necessarily have your garden 06:16.730 --> 06:19.440 align:middle line:90% looking all a mess like mine. 06:19.440 --> 06:23.040 align:middle line:84% You have it where it looks like little elves come 06:23.040 --> 06:24.870 align:middle line:90% dancing around at night. 06:24.870 --> 06:29.850 align:middle line:84% When I prune, to give me some space to see what I need to do 06:29.850 --> 06:37.440 align:middle line:84% is I remove the dry branches, the leaves off of the plant. 06:37.440 --> 06:42.630 align:middle line:84% And what this does, it gives room for branches like this. 06:42.630 --> 06:45.405 align:middle line:90% And also, I would-- 06:45.405 --> 06:48.020 align:middle line:90% 06:48.020 --> 06:49.880 align:middle line:84% I wouldn't totally take this off yet 06:49.880 --> 06:52.070 align:middle line:84% because you can see it's coming, another shoot 06:52.070 --> 06:55.300 align:middle line:90% is going to come from this. 06:55.300 --> 06:59.440 align:middle line:84% Some pruning, make your plants and your space beautiful 06:59.440 --> 07:01.897 align:middle line:90% and keep your plants healthy. 07:01.897 --> 07:04.292 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 07:04.292 --> 07:08.260 align:middle line:90% 07:08.260 --> 07:12.240 align:middle line:84% So I have some basil here, and you can 07:12.240 --> 07:16.860 align:middle line:90% see that it has gone to flower. 07:16.860 --> 07:19.230 align:middle line:84% You don't want this to happen if you want basil. 07:19.230 --> 07:23.670 align:middle line:84% First of all, it becomes really bitter, and it's not sweet. 07:23.670 --> 07:27.708 align:middle line:84% But also, if you deadhead your plant, 07:27.708 --> 07:30.510 align:middle line:90% it'll keep growing all season. 07:30.510 --> 07:34.380 align:middle line:84% And this is what happens when it seeds. 07:34.380 --> 07:39.030 align:middle line:84% So you want to cut this off, but also you 07:39.030 --> 07:43.230 align:middle line:84% got-- this right here is so flavorful and the smell. 07:43.230 --> 07:45.712 align:middle line:84% So you can literally put this in your car, 07:45.712 --> 07:47.670 align:middle line:84% just leave it in your car, if you want to smell 07:47.670 --> 07:49.020 align:middle line:90% like basil all damn day. 07:49.020 --> 07:51.330 align:middle line:90% But also, this flower, they're-- 07:51.330 --> 07:53.010 align:middle line:84% they have so much flavor in them. 07:53.010 --> 07:56.750 align:middle line:84% So what I do, I'll just put this in water. 07:56.750 --> 08:01.250 align:middle line:84% I make watermelon juice with-- with the basil. 08:01.250 --> 08:03.370 align:middle line:84% And what you want to do when you're deadheading 08:03.370 --> 08:08.290 align:middle line:84% is basically take these flowers, cut them right 08:08.290 --> 08:12.470 align:middle line:90% after the last flower. 08:12.470 --> 08:15.960 align:middle line:84% Since basil is an annual plant, its whole goal 08:15.960 --> 08:19.130 align:middle line:84% is to flower and reproduce by spreading its seeds. 08:19.130 --> 08:22.100 align:middle line:84% Once it's done that, it feels like its job is done 08:22.100 --> 08:24.650 align:middle line:84% and it stops growing, which means you stop 08:24.650 --> 08:26.630 align:middle line:90% getting those delicious leaves. 08:26.630 --> 08:30.170 align:middle line:84% But when we deadhead it by cutting off the baby flowers, 08:30.170 --> 08:32.039 align:middle line:84% we're keeping that from happening. 08:32.039 --> 08:35.419 align:middle line:84% So it keeps growing, trying to flower and making more leaves, 08:35.419 --> 08:38.490 align:middle line:84% and that's exactly what we want to happen. 08:38.490 --> 08:42.320 align:middle line:84% So if you want more leaves, you cut the flowers off. 08:42.320 --> 08:45.860 align:middle line:90% That's what you do with basil. 08:45.860 --> 08:50.140 align:middle line:84% Now what I'm going to show you is a marigold. 08:50.140 --> 08:55.100 align:middle line:84% Marigold, you want more flowers, you cut off the flowers 08:55.100 --> 08:59.000 align:middle line:84% because this is only going to give you one season. 08:59.000 --> 09:01.700 align:middle line:84% If you want it to last longer, what you do, 09:01.700 --> 09:03.860 align:middle line:84% you want to take off the dry ones. 09:03.860 --> 09:04.820 align:middle line:90% You can see this-- 09:04.820 --> 09:07.490 align:middle line:90% this flower is about to bloom. 09:07.490 --> 09:08.720 align:middle line:90% I wouldn't mess with that. 09:08.720 --> 09:11.150 align:middle line:84% But yet, we have all of these dry flowers. 09:11.150 --> 09:15.280 align:middle line:84% Like this one, you can tell, you can see the flower. 09:15.280 --> 09:17.560 align:middle line:84% And it-- it didn't completely bloom, 09:17.560 --> 09:21.440 align:middle line:84% but you can see that it is drying out. 09:21.440 --> 09:24.910 align:middle line:84% So I would, like same thing with this one, I would go below it 09:24.910 --> 09:25.900 align:middle line:90% and take that. 09:25.900 --> 09:30.170 align:middle line:90% I would cut that one from there. 09:30.170 --> 09:32.630 align:middle line:84% And some plants, a lot of the flowers 09:32.630 --> 09:34.380 align:middle line:90% dry out at the same time. 09:34.380 --> 09:36.500 align:middle line:84% And what you can do is just cut them all off 09:36.500 --> 09:40.110 align:middle line:84% and you can shape the plant, and you will-- they will come back. 09:40.110 --> 09:43.010 align:middle line:90% That's the beauty of these. 09:43.010 --> 09:44.720 align:middle line:84% They will come back and give you flowers 09:44.720 --> 09:48.500 align:middle line:84% throughout that particular season if you deadhead them. 09:48.500 --> 09:51.920 align:middle line:84% Deadheading is a great way to get more of what you 09:51.920 --> 09:56.030 align:middle line:90% want and need from your plants. 09:56.030 --> 09:58.450 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 09:58.450 --> 10:02.820 align:middle line:90% 10:02.820 --> 10:06.870 align:middle line:84% So when something is root-bound, it's been in a container 10:06.870 --> 10:07.380 align:middle line:90% too long. 10:07.380 --> 10:10.235 align:middle line:84% And a lot of the times, you can turn the container over 10:10.235 --> 10:12.360 align:middle line:84% and you can see the roots coming through the bottom 10:12.360 --> 10:13.110 align:middle line:90% of the container. 10:13.110 --> 10:15.600 align:middle line:84% That's telling you that, get me out of here. 10:15.600 --> 10:17.520 align:middle line:84% I have another example of a root-bound plant 10:17.520 --> 10:18.603 align:middle line:90% that I'd like to show you. 10:18.603 --> 10:23.138 align:middle line:90% 10:23.138 --> 10:23.805 align:middle line:90% This is parsley. 10:23.805 --> 10:27.000 align:middle line:90% 10:27.000 --> 10:30.260 align:middle line:84% And again, you can see how it started growing out-- 10:30.260 --> 10:33.870 align:middle line:90% out of the bottom of the plant. 10:33.870 --> 10:34.730 align:middle line:90% You see this? 10:34.730 --> 10:35.978 align:middle line:90% You see, this is-- 10:35.978 --> 10:37.020 align:middle line:90% this looks like a basket. 10:37.020 --> 10:40.400 align:middle line:90% 10:40.400 --> 10:42.020 align:middle line:84% You can see it's taken the shape-- 10:42.020 --> 10:46.080 align:middle line:84% the roots have taken the shape of the bottom of the pot. 10:46.080 --> 10:49.810 align:middle line:84% So what we would do here is open this. 10:49.810 --> 10:52.860 align:middle line:84% And even this, this is not going to hurt the plant. 10:52.860 --> 11:00.700 align:middle line:90% 11:00.700 --> 11:07.200 align:middle line:84% If you're anal, you can separate it. 11:07.200 --> 11:10.440 align:middle line:84% And what you want to do is don't just break them apart. 11:10.440 --> 11:13.500 align:middle line:84% You want to feel it and pull-- and then pull 11:13.500 --> 11:14.310 align:middle line:90% it and separate it. 11:14.310 --> 11:18.120 align:middle line:84% Sometimes I even close my eyes to-- to feel the tension 11:18.120 --> 11:19.800 align:middle line:84% because, it's weird, sometimes you 11:19.800 --> 11:23.110 align:middle line:84% see better when your eyes are closed with stuff like this. 11:23.110 --> 11:27.750 align:middle line:84% You can hear-- you can hear the roots tearing, 11:27.750 --> 11:29.980 align:middle line:84% and you want to-- you want to shake it a little. 11:29.980 --> 11:33.360 align:middle line:84% You just don't want to pull it and break it. 11:33.360 --> 11:34.520 align:middle line:90% And there. 11:34.520 --> 11:37.550 align:middle line:84% So you can separate these like this. 11:37.550 --> 11:42.580 align:middle line:84% But try not to necessarily buy root-bound plants unless 11:42.580 --> 11:43.730 align:middle line:90% it's the-- 11:43.730 --> 11:45.800 align:middle line:84% you really need it and it's the last thing there, 11:45.800 --> 11:48.170 align:middle line:84% because these plants are still healthy. 11:48.170 --> 11:51.810 align:middle line:84% If you do, yeah, it'll grow, but this 11:51.810 --> 11:53.060 align:middle line:90% is the work you'll have to do. 11:53.060 --> 11:54.440 align:middle line:90% Like, this is hard as a rock. 11:54.440 --> 11:58.700 align:middle line:84% And I want you guys to get a close-up of how these roots 11:58.700 --> 12:00.370 align:middle line:90% have woven together. 12:00.370 --> 12:02.430 align:middle line:84% And, yeah, you-- can you break it up? 12:02.430 --> 12:04.520 align:middle line:84% Can you-- can-- can you put it in the ground? 12:04.520 --> 12:05.630 align:middle line:90% Will it grow? 12:05.630 --> 12:06.560 align:middle line:90% Yes. 12:06.560 --> 12:11.510 align:middle line:84% It just needed to be out of this pot to grow. 12:11.510 --> 12:14.720 align:middle line:84% So you might have a house plant at home and you wonder, 12:14.720 --> 12:16.340 align:middle line:90% why isn't that taking in water? 12:16.340 --> 12:19.370 align:middle line:84% Why isn't it not growing and thriving? 12:19.370 --> 12:22.410 align:middle line:84% And it might be the same problem as this. 12:22.410 --> 12:25.273 align:middle line:90% It might be root-bound. 12:25.273 --> 12:27.440 align:middle line:84% And I just happen to have an example under the table 12:27.440 --> 12:28.315 align:middle line:90% where I can show you. 12:28.315 --> 12:31.660 align:middle line:90% 12:31.660 --> 12:34.780 align:middle line:90% So here we have it. 12:34.780 --> 12:38.680 align:middle line:84% You can actually see the roots on the top of this, 12:38.680 --> 12:43.000 align:middle line:84% but you can also see that the roots have cracked the pot. 12:43.000 --> 12:52.160 align:middle line:90% 12:52.160 --> 12:54.590 align:middle line:84% And so what this is going to do, this 12:54.590 --> 12:57.560 align:middle line:84% is going to dwarf this plant because these roots don't 12:57.560 --> 13:01.467 align:middle line:84% get to go out and pull in nutrients from a bigger pot. 13:01.467 --> 13:02.300 align:middle line:90% So what do you need? 13:02.300 --> 13:04.595 align:middle line:90% You need a bigger pot. 13:04.595 --> 13:06.048 align:middle line:90% And stop being so cheap. 13:06.048 --> 13:06.590 align:middle line:90% Look at this. 13:06.590 --> 13:09.480 align:middle line:90% 13:09.480 --> 13:12.710 align:middle line:84% I would get a pot that's double the size of the last pot you 13:12.710 --> 13:15.740 align:middle line:84% have just to-- just to allow these roots to open 13:15.740 --> 13:16.490 align:middle line:90% up and grow. 13:16.490 --> 13:18.080 align:middle line:84% But you can see these roots were-- 13:18.080 --> 13:21.320 align:middle line:84% they had no place to go, so they were going through the pot. 13:21.320 --> 13:24.230 align:middle line:84% They're all wrapped around the top of the-- the rim 13:24.230 --> 13:26.720 align:middle line:90% of the container. 13:26.720 --> 13:30.020 align:middle line:84% Anytime you have roots that are coming out 13:30.020 --> 13:34.120 align:middle line:84% of the top of the plant, you know you have a problem. 13:34.120 --> 13:37.530 align:middle line:90% Root-bound, there you have it. 13:37.530 --> 13:41.900 align:middle line:84% I showed you how to identify it, and I showed you how to fix it. 13:41.900 --> 13:42.888 align:middle line:90% Get at it. 13:42.888 --> 13:45.278 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 13:45.278 --> 13:49.590 align:middle line:90% 13:49.590 --> 13:53.190 align:middle line:84% So we have two different kinds of broccoli right here, 13:53.190 --> 13:57.660 align:middle line:90% and this one is underwatered. 13:57.660 --> 14:03.210 align:middle line:84% And you can tell, one, by the soil, how dry it is, and two, 14:03.210 --> 14:04.770 align:middle line:90% by the leaves. 14:04.770 --> 14:07.950 align:middle line:84% Because this is telling you, OK, dude, I ain't got that long. 14:07.950 --> 14:11.910 align:middle line:84% And when-- when a-- when a plant needs water, it tells you 14:11.910 --> 14:15.120 align:middle line:84% it needs water because what happens is the leaves 14:15.120 --> 14:18.520 align:middle line:84% will start to curl in to themselves 14:18.520 --> 14:20.430 align:middle line:90% and then they'll start drooping. 14:20.430 --> 14:24.930 align:middle line:84% The thing about this, probably if we put water on this plant, 14:24.930 --> 14:28.440 align:middle line:84% within 30 minutes you will see the leaves change 14:28.440 --> 14:29.790 align:middle line:90% on this plant. 14:29.790 --> 14:32.300 align:middle line:84% And what-- what I like to do here is-- 14:32.300 --> 14:36.120 align:middle line:84% is to remove the dried out leaves that-- 14:36.120 --> 14:40.580 align:middle line:84% because a-- a leaf like this is not coming back. 14:40.580 --> 14:44.950 align:middle line:84% And this one, do you see how this leaf is flat 14:44.950 --> 14:47.730 align:middle line:84% and this leaf is curling in and it's sagging? 14:47.730 --> 14:50.270 align:middle line:84% You see that this-- that this leaf has-- it 14:50.270 --> 14:52.290 align:middle line:90% has strength in it. 14:52.290 --> 14:54.250 align:middle line:90% It's-- it's stiff. 14:54.250 --> 14:55.780 align:middle line:90% The stalk is stiff. 14:55.780 --> 15:01.300 align:middle line:84% This one, the stalk has gone soft, and the leaf is dragging. 15:01.300 --> 15:03.730 align:middle line:84% Soon as you put water on this, the-- 15:03.730 --> 15:07.920 align:middle line:84% this leaf will open, just like this one did. 15:07.920 --> 15:10.180 align:middle line:84% A good way to tell if your plants 15:10.180 --> 15:15.200 align:middle line:84% need water is to stick your hand in the soil and see-- 15:15.200 --> 15:18.770 align:middle line:84% maybe a couple of inches down and see if it's dry there. 15:18.770 --> 15:20.240 align:middle line:90% If it's dry, it needs water. 15:20.240 --> 15:22.880 align:middle line:84% If it's not, it don't need no water. 15:22.880 --> 15:25.760 align:middle line:84% But also, they-- they have water meters, 15:25.760 --> 15:29.710 align:middle line:84% and, like, the water departments have them for free. 15:29.710 --> 15:31.670 align:middle line:90% You can buy one online. 15:31.670 --> 15:33.940 align:middle line:84% And that would-- you can stick it in the ground, 15:33.940 --> 15:34.940 align:middle line:90% and it's going to keep-- 15:34.940 --> 15:37.190 align:middle line:84% tell you about the moisture level in this particular-- 15:37.190 --> 15:38.510 align:middle line:90% in your particular plant. 15:38.510 --> 15:41.080 align:middle line:84% So let's talk about the one that's overwatered. 15:41.080 --> 15:43.880 align:middle line:84% And the-- the thing about a plant being overwatered, 15:43.880 --> 15:48.170 align:middle line:84% the danger is the root ball, it can damage it. 15:48.170 --> 15:51.810 align:middle line:84% The excess water can really damage and soften 15:51.810 --> 15:54.360 align:middle line:84% the root ball, and then it will probably rot. 15:54.360 --> 15:58.350 align:middle line:84% I want to show you just how soaked this soil is. 15:58.350 --> 16:03.590 align:middle line:90% 16:03.590 --> 16:06.845 align:middle line:84% Yeah, see, the soil is acting too much like a sponge. 16:06.845 --> 16:11.950 align:middle line:90% 16:11.950 --> 16:22.090 align:middle line:84% So what will happen when something is overwatered, 16:22.090 --> 16:25.480 align:middle line:84% right where it comes out of the ground, 16:25.480 --> 16:28.960 align:middle line:84% this will begin to turn brown, and it will eventually 16:28.960 --> 16:32.410 align:middle line:84% rot because it's just too much water and the-- and the plant 16:32.410 --> 16:33.670 align:middle line:90% can't take it. 16:33.670 --> 16:35.140 align:middle line:90% But you can see I'll probably-- 16:35.140 --> 16:38.830 align:middle line:84% I can probably squeeze water out of the soil, it's so wet. 16:38.830 --> 16:40.790 align:middle line:84% You can see the water on my hand, 16:40.790 --> 16:42.560 align:middle line:90% and that's not what you want. 16:42.560 --> 16:45.190 align:middle line:84% Especially a lot of times you can definitely 16:45.190 --> 16:48.730 align:middle line:90% overwater your seedlings. 16:48.730 --> 16:50.530 align:middle line:84% So a lot of times with seedlings, 16:50.530 --> 16:53.560 align:middle line:84% you should have a sprayer and you-- and you mist them, 16:53.560 --> 16:56.320 align:middle line:84% you spray them, rather than pouring water on them 16:56.320 --> 16:58.520 align:middle line:84% because pouring water on them a lot of times, 16:58.520 --> 17:02.470 align:middle line:84% especially if you plant seeds, if you pour water on that's too 17:02.470 --> 17:04.990 align:middle line:84% heavy, you're going to unbury the seeds, and they're-- 17:04.990 --> 17:06.240 align:middle line:90% they're going to float on top. 17:06.240 --> 17:09.420 align:middle line:90% 17:09.420 --> 17:12.740 align:middle line:84% So like this, what you want to do with-- with seedlings 17:12.740 --> 17:13.250 align:middle line:90% is spray. 17:13.250 --> 17:17.420 align:middle line:90% 17:17.420 --> 17:21.319 align:middle line:84% And I would add a mulch or a compost 17:21.319 --> 17:25.339 align:middle line:84% to this that will absorb and hold some of the water 17:25.339 --> 17:26.510 align:middle line:90% to alleviate this problem. 17:26.510 --> 17:29.230 align:middle line:90% 17:29.230 --> 17:32.030 align:middle line:90% But this plant is still healthy. 17:32.030 --> 17:34.320 align:middle line:84% And-- and just like this one, don't throw this away. 17:34.320 --> 17:35.820 align:middle line:90% This plant is also healthy. 17:35.820 --> 17:38.610 align:middle line:90% All you have to do is water it. 17:38.610 --> 17:40.413 align:middle line:90% It needs care, just like you do. 17:40.413 --> 17:42.778 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 17:42.778 --> 17:46.570 align:middle line:90% 17:46.570 --> 17:49.360 align:middle line:84% Let's start with mint, and you should definitely have 17:49.360 --> 17:52.270 align:middle line:90% this in your herb garden too. 17:52.270 --> 17:53.800 align:middle line:90% And it's very low maintenance. 17:53.800 --> 17:59.880 align:middle line:84% So any of you guys killing mint, something is wrong with you. 17:59.880 --> 18:04.900 align:middle line:84% But this is, right here, this is a healthy mint plant. 18:04.900 --> 18:08.060 align:middle line:84% You can see how bright the leaves are. 18:08.060 --> 18:12.500 align:middle line:84% Here's a spearmint that's pretty stressed. 18:12.500 --> 18:17.630 align:middle line:84% Even though you can grow mint in shade, it still needs sun. 18:17.630 --> 18:21.230 align:middle line:84% Just like people don't think that succulents need water, 18:21.230 --> 18:23.300 align:middle line:84% they still need water, even though they're 18:23.300 --> 18:24.230 align:middle line:90% drought-tolerant. 18:24.230 --> 18:26.880 align:middle line:84% They still-- they're pulling moisture from the air. 18:26.880 --> 18:28.820 align:middle line:90% But this one is stressed. 18:28.820 --> 18:33.740 align:middle line:84% You can see the leaves, look, they just fall off. 18:33.740 --> 18:36.020 align:middle line:84% But still, you can see the new leaves. 18:36.020 --> 18:39.200 align:middle line:84% And you can-- you can tell that this plant still 18:39.200 --> 18:42.330 align:middle line:84% wants to live because it's reaching for the sky, 18:42.330 --> 18:44.210 align:middle line:84% and you can see this new growth on it. 18:44.210 --> 18:48.200 align:middle line:84% But it was probably kept in the shade too much, 18:48.200 --> 18:53.460 align:middle line:84% and then it was overwatered because the leaves are-- 18:53.460 --> 18:54.450 align:middle line:90% they're not crunchy. 18:54.450 --> 18:56.400 align:middle line:90% A lot of times if something's-- 18:56.400 --> 19:00.270 align:middle line:84% if it's only sun, the leaves will get crunchy 19:00.270 --> 19:02.130 align:middle line:90% on the-- on the edges. 19:02.130 --> 19:05.760 align:middle line:84% So the telltale signs of not enough sun 19:05.760 --> 19:09.990 align:middle line:84% is the leaves are not going to have the beautiful color 19:09.990 --> 19:11.307 align:middle line:90% that these have. 19:11.307 --> 19:13.140 align:middle line:84% They're going to-- they're going to be gray, 19:13.140 --> 19:16.740 align:middle line:84% they're going to be brown, because that's-- a lot of times 19:16.740 --> 19:19.230 align:middle line:84% that's where the plant gets its energy and its-- 19:19.230 --> 19:22.390 align:middle line:84% its vibrancy from is from the sun. 19:22.390 --> 19:24.720 align:middle line:84% Even though, like, these can grow in shade, 19:24.720 --> 19:28.380 align:middle line:84% they still need some sun exposure. 19:28.380 --> 19:31.500 align:middle line:84% And the telltale signs, again, are these leaves. 19:31.500 --> 19:32.670 align:middle line:90% Are they crunchy? 19:32.670 --> 19:34.850 align:middle line:90% Are the leaves bright? 19:34.850 --> 19:37.440 align:middle line:84% And these new leaves that are on here, they are bright. 19:37.440 --> 19:40.402 align:middle line:84% So I think we're going to have success with this. 19:40.402 --> 19:42.782 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 19:42.782 --> 19:47.080 align:middle line:90% 19:47.080 --> 19:49.067 align:middle line:90% Lettuce. 19:49.067 --> 19:51.150 align:middle line:84% So we bought this from one of the gardening stores 19:51.150 --> 19:56.380 align:middle line:84% to show you how not to buy your lettuce. 19:56.380 --> 19:57.910 align:middle line:90% Me? 19:57.910 --> 20:02.380 align:middle line:90% I want my lettuce smaller. 20:02.380 --> 20:04.410 align:middle line:90% This is a little more leggy. 20:04.410 --> 20:08.010 align:middle line:84% You can tell that this has been in this container too long. 20:08.010 --> 20:10.290 align:middle line:84% The leaves are not as-- as wide as they 20:10.290 --> 20:13.770 align:middle line:84% would be because they haven't had the-- enough room to grow 20:13.770 --> 20:15.450 align:middle line:90% in this-- in this soil. 20:15.450 --> 20:17.400 align:middle line:84% And then the plant is going to grow 20:17.400 --> 20:21.960 align:middle line:84% through its whole cycle in not enough soil, 20:21.960 --> 20:26.490 align:middle line:84% so it's almost like you're miniaturizing the plant. 20:26.490 --> 20:31.090 align:middle line:84% And I can tell that more than likely it's about to bolt. 20:31.090 --> 20:33.390 align:middle line:84% Bolting means it's going to turn this-- 20:33.390 --> 20:36.600 align:middle line:84% it's about to grow, psht, and just turn the seeds, 20:36.600 --> 20:38.100 align:middle line:84% and it's going to be really, really 20:38.100 --> 20:40.530 align:middle line:90% bitter when it does that. 20:40.530 --> 20:41.910 align:middle line:84% The nursery is going to sell this 20:41.910 --> 20:45.590 align:middle line:84% because it's, I mean, you look at it, it still looks fine. 20:45.590 --> 20:47.340 align:middle line:84% The-- the nursery is not going to tell you 20:47.340 --> 20:49.580 align:middle line:84% that this is probably going to bolt real soon. 20:49.580 --> 20:53.580 align:middle line:84% One-- one way to tell is you can see that these leaves here, 20:53.580 --> 20:55.020 align:middle line:90% they're gone. 20:55.020 --> 20:56.910 align:middle line:84% So that tells you that these leaves 20:56.910 --> 21:00.720 align:middle line:84% probably reached maturity and have fallen off already. 21:00.720 --> 21:08.310 align:middle line:84% So what I like to do is find smaller seedlings 21:08.310 --> 21:09.990 align:middle line:90% that are going to last longer. 21:09.990 --> 21:12.853 align:middle line:84% If you-- if you happen to have them, plant them anyway. 21:12.853 --> 21:14.520 align:middle line:84% You're going to get something out of it. 21:14.520 --> 21:16.937 align:middle line:84% You're going to-- you're going to get a harvest out of it, 21:16.937 --> 21:18.400 align:middle line:84% it's just going to be real quick. 21:18.400 --> 21:20.100 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 21:20.100 --> 21:22.200 align:middle line:84% Buying the right stuff at the nursery 21:22.200 --> 21:26.100 align:middle line:84% is an important first step in maintaining a healthy garden. 21:26.100 --> 21:27.720 align:middle line:84% So when you're at the nursery, there's 21:27.720 --> 21:30.060 align:middle line:84% a couple of things to keep in mind. 21:30.060 --> 21:32.040 align:middle line:84% Despite what you might think, you 21:32.040 --> 21:35.140 align:middle line:84% don't want to buy the biggest, most mature-looking plant 21:35.140 --> 21:36.540 align:middle line:90% they've got. 21:36.540 --> 21:38.700 align:middle line:84% So you want to look for younger seedlings that 21:38.700 --> 21:41.130 align:middle line:84% are bright in color, don't have dead leaves, 21:41.130 --> 21:43.770 align:middle line:90% and are not root-bound. 21:43.770 --> 21:47.190 align:middle line:84% Also, be wary of seedlings like this lettuce that 21:47.190 --> 21:48.890 align:middle line:90% are showing signs of bolting. 21:48.890 --> 21:51.500 align:middle line:90% [MUSIC PLAYING] 21:51.500 --> 21:52.000 align:middle line:90%